General Surgery

General surgery is a broad medical specialty focused on treating diseases and injuries of the abdomen, digestive tract, breast, skin, and endocrine system, acting as a foundational discipline for many other surgical fields, with surgeons skilled in everything from appendicitis to complex cancer care, often using modern minimally invasive techniques. They manage conditions like hernias, gallstones, thyroid disorders, and bowel obstructions, serving as crucial first responders for trauma and often coordinating care with other specialists.  

Key Areas of Focus

Abdomen & Digestive System: Esophagus, stomach, small/large intestines, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, appendix, bile ducts. 

Breast, Skin & Soft Tissues: Diagnosis and treatment of lumps, tumors, and skin conditions. 

Endocrine System: Thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, and endocrine pancreas. 

Vascular System: Peripheral blood vessels (excluding heart and intracranial vessels). 

Trauma & Critical Care: Managing severe injuries and acute surgical conditions. 

Common Conditions Treated

Appendicitis & Gallstones: Inflammation or stones in the appendix or gallbladder.

Hernias: Repairing bulges in the abdominal wall.

Bowel Issues: Obstructions, inflammatory conditions (like Crohn's or ulcerative colitis), and cancers.

Thyroid & Parathyroid Disorders: Conditions affecting these glands.

Breast Conditions: Tumors and masses. 

Role in Healthcare

Foundational: General surgery provides core knowledge for all surgical specialties, covering anatomy, physiology, and wound healing. 

Versatile: Surgeons are trained for both elective (planned) and emergency surgeries, often being the initial point of contact for patients. 

Advanced Techniques: Utilize laparoscopy, robotics, and endoscopy for minimally invasive procedures, improving patient recovery. 

Team-Based: Work with oncologists, endocrinologists, and other specialists for comprehensive patient care.